We’re the only Pop Archaeology site combining scientific research with out-of-the-box perspectives. Until the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls , this sect survived only in the writings of Josephus, Philo, and Pliny. One should become familiar with them to understand the backdrop for the NT, the Early Church, and more. At a later period in history, the Edomites (Idumeans) were conquered and forced to become "Jews." Gnostics, Secret Societies, and occult organizations believe Essenes are historical foundation stones … The Essene movement started about 2000 B.C. Another theory is that the name was borrowed from a cult of devotees to Artemis in Anatolia, whose demeanor and dress somewhat resembled those of the group in Judea.[29]. The secret of the true Gospel of the Essenes: The New Testament is a modified plagiarism of the gospel of the Essenes (Book Book 1) by johanne joan | Sep 27, 2020. The Essenes were thought to have had specific prayers related to the sunrise. They interpreted the Law with a strict literalism that often caused them to violate the very spirit of it. [Online]Available at: https://www.blueletterbible.org/faq/don_stewart/don_stewart_1320.cfm, Than, K., 2010. The accounts by Josephus and Philo show that the Essenes led a strictly communal life—often compared to later Christian monasticism. Josephus describes the Essenes in passages of several of his books. The History of the White Brotherhood on Earth and Its Teachings. They were a very closed community and some were isolated in the desert. Herodian Period (37BCE-68 CE) Anti-Roman and Zealot tendencies arise. The Essenes were never numerous; Pliny fixed their number at some 4,000 in his day. For the bread developed by the Essenes, see. The Essenes were the Jains of India. The original Biblical Jews were Black African people who were ruthlessly persecuted by the white man (Romans). The Temple Scroll was the best preserved and with the clearest writing. According to Sumerian traditions derived from the Assyrian tablets, the first humans were known as the “Black Heads.” 4 Although most of the antediluvian clay tablets have been lost to history, many survived to the time of Ashurbanipal, circa 668–633 B.C.E. [27] Others suggest that Essene is a transliteration of the Hebrew word ḥiá¹£onim (ḥiá¹£on "outside"), which the Mishnah (e.g. Then, as now, there were many sects in Judaism. We seek to retell the story of our beginnings. The Essenes were a strict Torah observant, Messianic, apocalyptic, baptist, wilderness, new covenant Jewish sect. This changed around the middle of the 20th century, when the Dead Sea Scrolls were discovered. It was during the first few centuries before the birth of Jesus that the work of the Brotherhood became so divided in distant lands that various names were adopted for these branches in order to conform to the language and customs of the people. From Josephus, we learn also about the religious observances of the Essenes. The Jains of India are very few in numbers mostly in western Indian states of Rajasthan , Gujarat and Maharashtra. He and his companions later entered the cave and found a collection of large clay jars, seven of wh… War Scroll (1QM). They were believed to have been hidden to keep them safe from the anticipated Roman destruction of Jerusalem in AD 70. Dead Sea Scrolls Mystery Solved?. They are also the group associated with instigating His arrest, trial, and crucifixion. Now... " O Simon the magician, o wretched followers That the things of God, that of goodness Do not be brides, and you birds of prey for gold and for silver, which are turned upside down, Now it's time for... Maya is a word which is very familiar to the western world, but very few know what it actually means. Jew… The Essenes were expecting the return of their assassinated Teacher, Tutankhamun. This faction was probably not popular among the main sects of Judaism. Both these theories are interpretations of the facts at hand. Pliny the Elder’s Natural History . ~The Essene Gospel of Peace. Various measures have been taken to counter the negative effects, with some providing better results than others. Both of these accounts were written by 50 ce and, in turn, drew on a common, earlier source. Top image: ‘Morning Prayers’ (circa 1936) by Otto Pliny. In The Jewish War, written around 75–79 ce, there is a detailed account (2.119–161). This was the difference between the Nasaraean and the others...[52], After this Nasaraean sect in turn comes another closely connected with them, called the Ossaeans. The Essenes were a Jewish sect during the Second Temple period that flourished from the 2nd century BCE to the 1st century CE. As a group the Pharisees are distinct for being opposed to the political rulers of Israel, focusing on cere… Are these the remains of members of the Essenes? between the 2nd century BC and the 1st century AD. A researcher has presented new evidence of the earliest Christian pilgrimage route ever discovered. The dominant theory, until the 1990s, at least, states that the documents were written by the Essenes. The followers of the first of which are the Pharisees; of the second, the Sadducees; and the third sect, which pretends to a severer discipline, are called Essenes. They did not hoard gold or silver, but merely provided the necessities of life. The Essenes are mentioned by Josephus and in a few other sources, but not in the New testament. In addition to the books by Ahmed Osman, other books are very specific about information on Tutankhamun and Jesus Christ. According to Stone: 1. They are mentioned by the elder Pliny in a way that links them unmistakably with Qumran. Because they were convinced that they were the true remnant, these Qumran Essenes had separated themselves from Judaism at large and devoted themselves to personal purity and preparation for the final war between the "Sons of Light and the Sons of Darkness." They are sometimes referred to in the Bible as angels. [46] Their theology included belief in the immortality of the soul and that they would receive their souls back after death. Etruscans Transported Bees by Boat to Reach the Best Flowers! [49] Purity and cleanliness was considered so important to the Essenes that they would refrain from defecation on the Sabbath.[50]. Josephus describes the Essenes in passages of several of his books. I dispute this as there is nothing in the texts that even suggest that they are. When reading the Bible we must keep in mind that the books therein were written 1,000’s of years ago in a different culture than our own. Jewi… The Essenes wrote the new Bible, the 5th Gospel announced by prophecy. Jewish archeologists were left scrambling for answers when their DNA analysis of bones found in an ancient grave dating to as much as 6,000 years ago showed that some of the earliest inhabitants of the land of Israel were aryan-looking with fair skin and blue eyes:. The Zealots were aggressive revolutionaries known for their violent opposition to Rome and its polytheisms. Jesus arrived on the scene during a time of great confusion in religious and political turmoil. Sefer Yosippon) Hassidim "the Pious" replaces "Essenes". [22] Pliny's Latin text has Esseni. Generally, the movement came to have a very negative view of Paul as an “apostate from the Torah,” though it is possible that in the 2nd and 3rd centuries there were branches of the Nazarenes who were more tolerant of Paul as the “apostle to the Gentiles,” but who as Jews, nonetheless, insisted on Torah observance. Chapter 6 . I heard they were the longest living people in the ancient Judeo-Christian world back in the way....knew a lot about health and medicine. The Roman-Jewish War in 66 A.D. marked the peak of this persecution and the end of the original Black Jews (Hebrew-Israelites) as a nation. THE BLACK ESSENES OF JAMAICA. They are mentioned several times in the gospels as being on the receiving end of Jesus’ rebukes (Matt. Apart from these authors, ancient rabbinical sources rarely talk about the Essenes and this group does not appear in the New Testament at all. Jesus was not A Pharisee. "[48], Ritual purification was a common practice among the peoples of Judea during this period and was thus not specific to the Essenes. It is a word which was used by the rishis (sages) of ancient India to describe the nature of this universe of changing forms. Most scholars claim they seceded from the Zadokite priests. They considered it unlawful to eat meat or make sacrifices with it. Until the twentieth century, the Essenes were known only from Greek sources. (Philo also described a similar sect, the Therapeutae, in On the Contemplative Life.) 3 Problems to Remember When Trying to Find Atlantis, Skeletons Found Near Dead Sea Scrolls Likely Belonged to an Enigmatic Religious Group, At Least Five Dead Sea Scroll Fragments at the Museum of the Bible Are Fake, One of the Last Two Known Dead Sea Scrolls Is Deciphered, Secrets of the Knights Templar: The Knights of John the Baptist, Ancient Tech Preserved Dead Sea Temple Scroll, http://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/index.html, http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.02.0137, The Shamanic Essenes, Keepers of the Dead Sea Scrolls And Other Secrets, ‘Blank’ Dead Sea Scroll Fragments Reveal Hidden Message. Source: Public Domain, Biblical Archaeology Society Staff, 2017. Who Were the Essenes?. Essenes believed the were “guardians” and “watchers”over the secrets to the universe and arcane Egyptian knowledge (allegedly) inherited by Moses. A more extensive treatment of the Essenes is found in the works of both Flavius Josephus and Philo of Alexandria. ( Public Domain ), Both Josephus and Philo agree with Pliny’s description of the Essene way of life. During this period, he is still excluded from the community, but is given a small hatchet, a girdle, and a white garment. This is very enlightening information for expanding your understanding of the Gospels in the Bible. Some have speculated, however, that Essene practices were contributed, in one way or another, to early Christian monasticism, and they are also connected with various Kabbalistic or Hasidic trends by some Jewish mystical thought. [58], Jewish sect during the Second Temple period, "Essene" redirects here. It is my opinion that the Jesus Movement (which I will call Yeshuine Judaism to avoid anachronistic confusion with gentile Christianity) and the Essenes were "branches" of the same Daniel-Enochian-Messianic subset of 2nd temple Judaism that arose in the last two centuries before the common era. At Ancient Origins, we believe that one of the most important fields of knowledge we can pursue as human beings is our beginnings. Jews revolted against the Romans in AD 66. Sorry, there were no Animals in the Bible’s Nativity Scene, 7.2 million-Year-Old Pre-Human Fossil Suggests Mankind Arose in Europe NOT Africa, Ancient Anomalous Human Skeletons: Humanity Could be Much Older Than We Think, The origins of human beings according to ancient Sumerian texts, The Bible’s Big Bang, Creation of the Universe, Where are Ashkenazi Jews from? 3. Apart from the similarities between Josephus’ description of the Essenes and the contents of the Community Rule, the Dead Sea Scrolls provide further information about this sect, assuming it was indeed the Essenes who wrote them. For example, James C. VanderKam, "Identity and History of the Community". [42] The Essenes chose not to possess slaves but served each other[43] and, as a result of communal ownership, did not engage in trading. The Bible does not speak about the Essenes. Most scholars believe that the community at Qumran that allegedly produced the Dead Sea Scrolls was an offshoot of the Essenes. Though it is different from the other six of these seven sects, it causes schism only by forbidding the books of Moses like the Nasaraean. After a three-year probationary period,[45] newly joining members would take an oath that included the commitment to practice piety towards God (το θειον) and righteousness towards humanity, to maintain a pure lifestyle, to abstain from criminal and immoral activities, to transmit their rules uncorrupted and to preserve the books of the Essenes and the names of the angels. https://www.biblicaltraining.org/library/essenes . The second, more common, theory claims that this group start… Before they were massacred by Roman troops, the Essenes hid their scriptures in caves, not to be discovered until 1947. the Messiah. These traits along with the structure of the community actually may support the sect as copying the scrolls and hiding them in the caves at Qumran. It is one of the oldest religion of India. To arrive at a better understanding of the Essenes, the start must be made from the Hasidim of the pre-Maccabean time (I Macc. The Jains of India are very few in numbers mostly in western Indian states of Rajasthan , Gujarat and Maharashtra. ), 1917-32. Philip’s Fountain: The Oldest Still-In-Use Hydraulic Work in the World, Taking a ‘Knapp’ With Our Ancient Ancestors - Stone Tools Through the Ages, The Fall of Constantinople: Relentless Ottoman Fire Power Finally Pulverizes the Last Vestiges of the Roman Empire, Arkaim: Aryans, Advanced Astronomy and Untold Secrets of a Russian Citadel, The Theopetra Cave and the Oldest Human Construction in the World, Deciphering The Newton Stone’s Mysterious “Unknown Script”, Jesus’ Birthplace And The Holy Land’s Ancient Pilgrimage Routes, Famous Dogs in History, from Ancient Greece until Today, DNA Study Rewrites Caribbean Population History, An Ox, an Ass … a Dragon? Unlike Philo, who did not mention any particular geographical location of the Essenes other than the whole land of Israel, Pliny places them somewhere above Ein Gedi, next to the Dead Sea. Golb's book presents observations about de Vaux's premature conclusions and their uncontroverted acceptance by the general academic community. ii. At the same time, there are significant differences between John the Baptist and the Essenes: 1. Essenes 13; II Macc. The History of the White Brotherhood on Earth and Its Teachings. I believe that intellectual engagement by advocates from both ends of the spectrum would serve to... Read More. According to Pliny, the Essenes lived “on the west of Asphaltites (i.e. Nevertheless, they are noticeably different from their Jewish brethren in a number of ways. The Essenes at Qumram were largely a group of ascetics who separated themselves from Second Temple orthodox Judaism because of its perceived religious laxity. [the Sons of Rig]hteousness shall shine to all ends of the world continuing to shine forth until end of the appointed seasons of darkness. According to Josephus (War, II.viii.2) the Essenes were the third of the main Jewish philosophies, but unlike the Sadducees and Pharisees they kept their main tenets secret among their adherents.Hence the details given by him and Philo of Alexandria are of necessity suspect. They observed the Sabbath. Our open community is dedicated to digging into the origins of our species on planet earth, and question wherever the discoveries might take us. In the process of determining the Biblical canon, a large number of texts were excluded from the New Testament, many of which were vigorously suppressed or destroyed. Vermes, Geza; Goodman, Martin. F.F. In March, the 1948 Arab-Israeli War prompted the removal of … It was during the first few centuries before the birth of Jesus that the work of the Brotherhood became so divided in distant lands that various names were adopted for these branches in order to conform to the language and customs of the people. Both these theories are interpretations of the facts at hand. He regarded the Therapeutae as a contemplative branch of the Essaioi who, he said, pursued an active life. (119)For there are three philosophical sects among the Jews. This theory, though not yet conclusively proven, has come to dominate the scholarly discussion and public perception of the Essenes.[34]. These fragments appear in Eusebius' "Preparation of the Gospel." He wrote that they were “a people that live apart from the world , and marvelous beyond all others throughout the whole earth, for they have no women among them; to sexual desire they are strangers; money they have non… JSOT on behalf of the Oxford Centre for Postgraduate Hebrew Studies: Sheffield, 1989. In addition, both the Community Rule and Josephus talk about the communal ownership practiced by the Essenes. MY NEIGHBOR, FRANCIS THE PATRIARCH. Their studies included astrology, numerology, the return of individuals or Why Was Such a Colossal Bath Tub Built for Tsar Alexander I? [51], The Nasaraeans or Nasoraeans may be the same as the Mandaeans of today. Going back about 700 years before Ch… The Dead Sea Scrolls were most likely written by the Essenes during the period from about 200 B.C. The Essenes were a religious group among the Jews, who had their own interpretation of Scripture and wanted to maintain the purity of Judaism. Chapter 6 . Like Pliny, Josephus wrote about the poverty of the Essenes, “These men are despisers of riches,” This is also seen in their approach towards material necessities, such as clothing, “Nor do they allow of the change of garments, or of shoes, till be first torn to pieces, or worn out by time.” Josephus adds that the Essenes practiced collective ownership, and shared all their worldly possessions: Nor is there any one to be found among them who hath more than another; for it is a law among them, that those who come to them must let what they have be common to the whole order, insomuch that among them all there is no appearance of poverty, or excess of riches, but every one’s possessions are intermingled with every other’s possessions, and so there is, as it were, one patrimony among all the brethren. Is = Isis = moon, Ra = Sun, El = high (in the sky). They acknowledged Moses and believed that he had received laws—not this law, however, but some other. Epiphanius says (29:6) that they existed before Christ. The candidate is required to go through another probation period of two years before being admitted into the Essene community. At the same time, there are significant differences between John the Baptist and the Essenes: 1. This... John the Baptist was a Jewish preacher and prophet who is believed to have been a forerunner to Jesus Christ . Until the twentieth century, the Essenes were known only from Greek sources. THE ESSENES. Among the thousands of pieces of parchment found in caves near the Dead Sea, one scroll was unique among the rest. 3:7; 23:15; Luke 11:39; John 9:39-41). The baptism (or washing) practiced by John and the Essenes required a change of heart. Claiming firsthand knowledge, he lists the Essenoi as one of the three sects of Jewish philosophy[8] alongside the Pharisees and the Sadducees. In The Dead Sea Scrolls after Fifty Years: A Comprehensive Assessment, ed. The scrolls soon came to the attention of scholars, and, subsequently, around 850 documents were discovered in 11 caves in and around Wadi Qumran. The Hasidim may have been the precursors of the Essenes, who were concerned about growing Hellenization and strove to abide by the Torah. In Josephus’ The Jewish War , for instance, the Essenes are said to “reject pleasures as an evil, but esteem continence, and the conquest over our passions to be virtue.” The Jewish historian goes on to say that although the Essenes are not in favor of marriage, they “do not absolutely deny the fitness of marriage, and the succession of mankind thereby continued; but they guard against the lascivious behavior of women, and are persuaded that none of them preserve their fidelity to one man.”. Then at the time appointed by God, His great excellence shall shine for all the times of e[ternity;] for peace and blessing, glory and joy, and long life for all Sons of Light. Their Origins May Surprise You, Petroglyphic Features of Portable Rock Art, The Northern Mysteries Current: Futhark and Mystery Schools of the Viking Age, Floki and the Viking Discovery of Iceland. Like the Pharisees, the Essenes meticulously observed the Law of Moses, the sabbath, and ritual purity. According to Philo the Essenes were landless and moneyless by design. 25%  are from traditional Israelite texts not in the canonical Hebrew Bible. There are Essenes alive and well today, and may still have much to offer. 00. 00. the Dead Sea), and sufficiently distant to escape its noxious exhalations.” The Roman author adds that “Below this people was formerly the town of Engadda.” Pliny also provides some information about the Essene way of life. The first reference to the sect is by the Roman writer Pliny the Elder (died c. 79 CE) in his Natural History. My interests range from ‘conventional’ to ‘radical’ interpretations of the archaeological/textual/pictorial data set. Other groups were the Herodians, supporters of the client kingdom of the Herods (a dynasty that supported Rome) and abhorrent to the Zealot s, and the Essenes, a … [36] According to Josephus, they had customs and observances such as collective ownership,[37][38] electing a leader to attend to the interests of the group, and obedience to the orders from their leader. The Essenes were frugal, and regimented and to all accounts secretive of the rites of their sect. The name given to this Jewish sect is said to be derived from the Greek ‘hosios’, which means ‘holy’. This is known as the Essene Hypothesis. According to Dr. Szekely, this text contains the actual words spoken by Jesus and His beloved disciple John. Discussion between the Pharisees, Sadducees and Essenes; Majestas Domini (background); Mozes with the Tables of the Law (background); Sun (background). ], Available at: http://penelope.uchicago.edu/josephus/index.html, Lawler, A., 2010. Who Wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls?. My only neighbors were a small group of natives not too far away on the opposite side of the little road. The Essenes were persecuted by the majority of Hebrew tribe elders, and they were forced to hide many of their works and writings - and this is where the now famous Dead Sea Scrolls come form. Both John and the Essenes used Isaiah 40:3 to describe themselves as the voice in the wilderness. The Essenes were also mentioned by Philo of Alexandria, a Hellenistic Jewish philosopher who was a contemporary of Josephus, in several paragraphs of his works, as well as the writings of Roman naturalist, Pliny the Elder. Josephus wrote as well about many other aspects of the Essenes, including their punishment of members caught committing heinous crimes, their legal system , and their views about the soul and the afterlife. The scrolls were analyzed using a cyclotron at the University of California, Davis where it was found that the black ink used was iron-gall ink. In addition to shedding more light on the Essenes, the discovery of the Dead Sea Scrolls also led to more scholarly discussion about this Jewish sect. Leiden: Brill, 1999. Desertification is a serious problem facing numerous countries in the world today. THE BLACK ESSENES OF JAMAICA Then one Sunday morning, Francis came over dressed in his most valuable possession, a black suit, which he wore with great dignity. In The Jewish War, written around 75–79 ce, there is a detailed account (2.119–161). Essene. A ritual bath or mikveh was found near many synagogues of the period continuing into modern times. They follows the same way of life and philosophy as described. The opinion that the authors of the Dead Sea Scrolls were Essenes is the most prevalent view among scholars (Abegg et al 2002 ). Jewish texts synagogues of the white Edomites and Black Israelites were constantly in against. Still existed in Jesus’ time Teacher re-incarninated into their community as Jesus the Christ was... 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