Cultivated throughout the world for the production of tobacco. NC State University and N.C. A&T State University work in tandem, along with federal, state and local governments, to 1753 syn: Nicotiana chinensis Fisch. The potato tuber moth (Phthorimaea operculella) is an oligophagous insect that prefers to feed on plants of the family Solanaceae such as tobacco plants. pl. After tobacco is harvested, it is cured (dried), and then aged to improve its flavor. In 1560, Jean Nicot de Villemain, then French ambassador to Portugal, brought tobacco seeds and leaves as a "wonder drug" to the French court. Descrição. General information about Nicotiana tabacum (NIOTA) South America (probably originally Bolivia). - 5 ft. 0 in. Scientific Name: Nicotiana tabacum • Common Name: Tobacco • Toxins: The primary toxin is nicotine, a highly toxic alkaloid, which is present throughout the plant • Chemical Abstracts Service Registry Number: 54-11-5 • Molecular Formula: C 10 H 14 N 2 • Chemical Structure: • Unreviewed-Annotation score: -Experimental evidence at transcript level i. Sun-cured tobacco dries uncovered in the sun. Pyridyl functional groups present in minute amounts include anabasine, myosmine, cotinine and 2, 3′-bipyridyl. Common name: Tobacco. Annual or tender perennial with flowers that are fragrant when open at night. Sequence archive. Leaves large, alternate, simple, with sticky hairs. Acidic endochitinase P precursor - Nicotiana tabacum (Common tobacco) UniProtKB - P17513 (CHIP_TOBAC) Learn how and when to remove this template message, "Back to the roots of modern analytical toxicology: Jean Servais Stas and the Bocarmé murder case", "Selective Determination of Pyridine Alkaloids in Tobacco by PFTBA Ions/Analyte Molecule Reaction Ionization Ion Trap Mass Spectrometry", "Investigation of Toxic Metals in the Tobacco of Different Iranian Cigarette Brands and Related Health Issues", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Nicotiana_tabacum&oldid=994330798, Plants used in traditional Native American medicine, Articles with unsourced statements from December 2018, Articles with unsourced statements from April 2014, Articles needing additional references from November 2012, All articles needing additional references, Articles with unsourced statements from September 2013, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 15 December 2020, at 04:14. The distribution of the nicotine in the mature plant is widely variable: 64% of the total nicotine exists in the leaves, 18% in the stem, 13% in the root, and 5% in the flowers. Female P. operculella use the leaves to lay their eggs and the hatched larvae will eat away at the mesophyll of the leaf. Pipe tobacco, chewing tobacco, and snuff are fire cured. tobacco; International Common Names. Nicotiana crispula hort. This method is used in Greece, Turkey, and other Mediterranean countries to produce oriental tobacco. 2. Nicotiana tabacum, or cultivated tobacco, is an annually-grown herbaceous plant. Sun-cured tobacco is low in sugar and nicotine and is used in cigarettes. Preferred Scientific Name. UniParc. (4) The species N. tabacum has never been found to grow in the wild. Width: 1 ft. 0 in. N. tabacum is a native of tropical and subtropical America but it is now commercially cultivated worldwide. Xanthi” , “Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Scientific Name and Common Name; Kingdom: Plantae – Plants Subkingdom: Tracheobionta – Vascular plants Superdivision: Spermatophyta – Seed plants Division: Magnoliophyta – Flowering plants Class Nicotine accounts for 90-95% of the plant's pyridines with Nornicotine and anatabine accounting for roughly 2.5% each. English: Virginian tobacco; Spanish: tabaco; French: tabac; tabac comun; tabac de Virginie; Chinese: yan cao; Portuguese: tabaco comum; Local Common Names. Tobacco arrived in Africa at the beginning of the 17th century. Range: S. America. Help. Whole Plant Traits: Plant Type: Annual Herbaceous Perennial Poisonous Maintenance: Low It is found in cultivation, where it is the most commonly grown of all plants in the genus Nicotiana, and its leaves are commercially grown in many countries to be processed into tobacco. Does best with some afternoon shade in hot summer climates. Nicotiana tabacum : Source: Solanaceae of North America Update, database (version 2011) Acquired: 2011 : Notes: Updated for ITIS by the Flora of North America Expertise Network, in connection with an update for USDA PLANTS (2007-2010) Reference for: Nicotiana tabacum : Source: The PLANTS Database, database (version 4.0.4) Acquired: 1996 : Notes: Vomiting, diarrhea, slow pulse, dizziness, collapse, and respiratory failure may occur if eaten. Nicotiana capensis Vilm. Nicotiana mexicana Schltdl. ex Lehm. Nicotiana pilosa Dunal. [8], The regions that have histories of use of the plant include:[citation needed]. Nicotiana latissima Mill. In 1851, the Belgian chemist Jean Stas documented the use of tobacco extract as a murder poison. The Belgian count Hippolyte Visart de Bocarmé had poisoned his brother-in-law with tobacco leaf extract in order to acquire some urgently needed money. Research is ongoing into its ancestry among wild Nicotiana species, but it is believed to be a hybrid of Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tomentosiformis, and possibly Nicotiana otophora. form a strategic partnership called N.C. Air-cured tobacco is low in sugar, which gives the tobacco smoke a light, sweet flavour, and high in nicotine. Flowers tubular, cream, pink, or green-white, 5-lobed at the top. ... Common names are used instead of botanical.]. Tabako (Tag.) Nicotiana tabacum (common tobacco) Genome info Pathway map Brite hierarchy Module Genome map Blast Taxonomy: Search genes: Genome information. This was the first exact proof of alkaloids in forensic medicine.[2]. The dried leaves are also used as snuff or are smoked. Common name i: Common tobacco: Synonym i-Other names i ›American tobacco ›Nicotania tabacum ›Nicotiana tabacum L. ›Nicotiana tabacum var. Common Name: Tobacco, Cultivated tobacco: Family: Solanaceae: USDA hardiness: 7-10: Known Hazards: All parts of the plant are poisonous[4, 19, 65, 76]. The leaf extract was a popular pest control method up to the beginning of the 20th century. Nicotiana tabacum (Common tobacco) Status. Genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Mitochondrial genetic code: Translation table 1 (Standard) Plastid genetic code: Translation table 11 (Bacterial, Archaeal and Plant Plastid) Other names: Air-cured tobacco is sheltered from wind and sun in a well-ventilated barn, where it air dries for six to eight weeks. Read our Commitment to Diversity | Read our Privacy Statement. Comment “Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Vernacular names [edit wikidata 'Category:Nicotiana tabacum' linked to current category] [edit wikidata 'Nicotiana tabacum' main topic of 'Category:Nicotiana tabacum'] English : cultivated tobacco , Common tobacco [7], Tobacco also contains the following phytochemicals: glucosides (tabacinine, tabacine), 2,3,6-trimethyl-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2-methylquinone, 2-napthylamine, propionic acid, anthalin, anethole, acrolein, cembrene, choline, nicotelline, nicotianine, and pyrene. Nicotiana florida Salisb. Scientific names: Common names: Nicotiana chinensis Fisch. These are readily absorbed into the user's body following smoke inhalation. Type: South America. Scientific Name Nicotiana tabacum L. Linnaeus, C. von (1753) Species Plantarum 1: 180. x; UniProtKB. It grows to heights between 1 and 2 meters (3' to 6'). Usually flowers and fruits as a shrub about 1-2 m tall. ... Nicotiana tabacum L. appears in other Kew resources: IPNI - The International Plant Names Index. There are four common methods of curing tobacco: air curing, fire curing, flue curing, and sun curing. Published In: Species Plantarum 1: 180. Rank: species. A drying oil is obtained from the seed. & Sessé ex Dunal [Invalid] Tabaku (Sul.) Scientific name i: Nicotiana tabacum: Taxonomy navigation › Nicotiana. Common names for Nicotiana include burley tobacco (N. tabacum), wild tree tobacco (N. glauca), wild tobacco (N. trigonophylla), and coyote tobacco (N. attenuata) (Color Plates 14 and 15). It grows to heights between 1 and 2 meters (3' to 6'). It is in flower from July to September. Other common names: –. The concentration of nicotine increases with the age of the plant. Habitats: Not known in a truly wild situation. Virginia tobacco that has been flue cured is also called bright tobacco, because flue curing turns its leaves gold, orange, or yellow. Cooperative Extension, which staffs local offices in all 100 counties and with the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians. Common Name(s): tobacco [English] tobacco : Taxonomic Status: Current Standing: ... Nicotiana tabacum L. – cultivated tobacco : Species: Nicotiana tomentosa Ruiz ... Nicotiana : Source: Solanaceae of North America Update, database (version 2011) Acquired: 2011 Nicotiana pilosa Dunal : Nicotiana tabacum Linn. POISONOUS PLANTS 1. Stem. They contain a volatile oil called nicotine, this is a virulent poison that produces nausea, vomiting, sweating, palpitations and nausea[232]. Amino acids contained include glutamic acids, asparagine, glutamine, and γ-Aminobutyric acid [5], Pyridine alkaloids are present in tobacco as free bases and salts. NCBI BLAST name: eudicots. Herbarium Catalogue (34 records) Date Reference Identified As Barcode Type Status; Jun 1, 2006: Etuge, M. [5284], Cameroon: K000339797: Nicotiana attenuata Steud. Common Name: Tobacco. SUMMARY 2.1 Main risks and target organs Nicotianas are highly toxic plants due to their nicotine alkaloid content. Nicotiana alipes Steud. The dried leaves can also be used; they remain effective for 6 months after drying. Once the tobacco is cured, workers tie it into small bundles of about 20 leaves, called hands, or use a machine to make large blocks, called bales. Nicotiana mexicana Schltdl. Tobacco. Solanaceae Week: Nicotiana tabacum from Manali: Nicotiana tabacum L., Sp. Close Search Form Open Search Form; Share on Facebook Tweet (Share on Twitter) Share on Linkedin Pin it (Share on Pinterest). TSJT1 - Stem-specific protein TSJT1 - Nicotiana tabacum (Common tobacco) - TSJT1 gene & protein UniProtKB - P24805 (TSJT1_TOBAC) Nicotiana tabacum L. Preferred Common Name. The hands or bales are aged for one to three years to improve flavor and reduce bitterness. Needs consistently moist, organically rich, well-drained soils in full sun to part shade. Nicotiana caudata Nutt. Journal: J Gen Virol. [1], The plant is native to the Caribbean, where the Arawak/Taino people were the first to use it and cultivate it. 1753. [4] The main polyphenols contained in the tobacco leaf are rutin and chlorogenic acid. It is the fastest method of curing, requiring about a week. The Plants Database includes the following 22 species of Nicotiana . Nicotiana Species: tabacum Family: Solanaceae Life Cycle: Annual Perennial Recommended Propagation Strategy: Seed Country Or Region Of Origin: South America Wildlife Value: Resistant to deer Dimensions: Height: 3 ft. 0 in. Tobacco Tobacco is the common name of the plant Nicotiana tabacum and to a limited extent Nicotiana rustica and the cured leaf that is used, usually after aging and processing in various ways for smoking, chewing, snuffing and the extraction of nicotine, the principal alkaloid of tobacco. ex Lehm. Nicotiana fruiticosa Moc. Traditionally, the leaf has been … UniProtKB. N.C. NAME 1.1 Scientific name Nicotiana Tabacum L 1.2 Family Solanaceae 1.3 Common name(s) Fumo Petume Petina Pitura etum Tabaco (Brazil) Tabaco (Argentina) Tobacco (USA). Family: Solanaceae. The common tobacco plant , found as escape in Manali , photographed in October 2009 They can have a  spindly growth habit. General description: Robust herb up to 3m tall, cultivated as a crop but sometimes found as a weedy escape.. Cooperative Extension prohibits discrimination and harassment on the basis of race, color, national origin, age, sex (including pregnancy), disability, religion, sexual orientation, gender identity, and veteran status. Botanical name: Nicotiana tabacum. It is hardy to zone (UK) 8 and is frost tender. Nucleotide sequence of a new bipartite geminivirus isolated from the common weed Sida rhombifolia in Costa Rica. Nicotiana tabacum Name Synonyms Nicotiana alba Mill. Nicotiana tabacum. Group: Dicot Rank: species Kind: Name of a new Taxon Herbarium Placement: Monsanto, 3rd, C, 256 Authors: Linnaeus, Carl von. Tobacco (Engl.) The juice of the leaves can be rubbed on the body as an insect repellent. All parts of the plant contain nicotine, which can be extracted and used as an insecticide. Nicotiana tabacum é uma planta herbácea perene, da família das solanáceas, oriunda da América tropical, de cujas folhas se produz a maior parte do tabaco comercializado. Nicotiana … This method produces cigarette tobacco that is high in sugar and has medium to high levels of nicotine. Leaf blades about 8-50 x 3-16 cm, petioles about 0-5 cm … L. Solanaceae + Synonyms. (1 May 1753) Annotation: as "Tabacum" Type-Protologue Distribution: South America Higher Taxa: Taxonomy Browser Flue-cured tobacco is kept in an enclosed barn heated by flues (pipes) of hot air, but the tobacco is not directly exposed to smoke. The species is hermaphrodite (has both male and female organs) and is pollinated by Lepidoptera (Moths & Butterflies). Terminal (leaf) node. The leaves can be dried and chewed as an intoxicant. Nicotiana rustica is a ANNUAL growing to 1.5 m (5ft). Nicotiana chinensis Fischer Nicotiana chinensis Fischer ex Lehmann Nicotiana crispula hort. Full sun (6 or more hours of direct sunlight a day), Partial Shade (Direct sunlight only part of the day, 2-6 hours). Bolivia: acará; coss; pairr Common name. Temperatures of 20–30 °C (68–86 °F) are best for adequate growth; an atmospheric humidity of 80 to 85% and soil without a high level of nitrogen are also optimal. Nicotiana tabacum, or cultivated tobacco, is an annually-grown herbaceous plant. Tobacco leaves contain 2 to 8% nicotine combined as malate or citrate. This gives the leaves a distinctive smoky aroma and flavor. Uncategorized ex Steud. HIGHLY TOXIC, MAY BE FATAL IF EATEN! In 1586 the botanist Jaques Dalechamps gave the plant the name of Herba nicotiana, which was also adopted by Linné. [citation needed], Natural tobacco polysaccharides, including cellulose, have been shown to be the primary precursors of acetaldehyde in tobacco smoke. 1997 Jul;78 ( Pt 7):1785-90. Common name: “Tobacco” or “American Tobacco”. Cigar and burley tobaccos are air cured. The curing method used depends on the type of tobacco and its intended use. Nicotiana tabacum L. Genbank common name: common tobacco. 1:180. This is the main species that is used to make cigarettes, cigars, and other products for smokers. Research is ongoing into its ancestry among wild Nicotiana species, but it is believed to be a hybrid of Nicotiana sylvestris, Nicotiana tomentosiformis, and possibly Nicotiana otophora. Fire curing takes three to ten weeks and produces a tobacco low in sugar and high in nicotine. N. tabacum is sensitive to temperature, air, ground humidity and the type of land. T number: T04643: Org code: nta: Aliases: 4097: Full name: Nicotiana tabacum (common tobacco) Definition: Nicotiana tabacum (common tobacco) Annotation: yes: Taxonomy: It has mostly been replaced by shorter varieties that open during the day and have no fragrance. Help pages, FAQs, UniProtKB manual, documents, news archive and Biocuration projects. [6], The tobacco plant readily absorbs heavy metals from the surrounding soil and accumulates them in its leaves. Nicotiana tabacum — Common tobacco Scientific classification Kingdom: Plantae … Wikipedia. Other varieties are cultivated as ornamental plants or appear as a weed. It was considered a decorative plant at first, then a panacea, before it became a common snuff and tobacco plant. Nicotiana chinensis Fisch. Leaves. Alternative Titles: Nicotiana tabacum, common tobacco, cultivated tobacco Tobacco, common name of the plant Nicotiana tabacum and, to a limited extent, Aztec tobacco (N. rustica) and the cured leaf that is used, usually after aging and processing in various ways, for smoking, chewing, snuffing, and extraction of … Protein knowledgebase. 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